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SEX CHROMOSOMES


 Sex chromosomes are sex determining chromosomes in males and females. In males the sex
chromosomes are XY, in females it is XX.
 Both males and females retain one of their mother's X chromosomes, and females retain their
second X chromosome from their father.
 The X chromosome is notably larger and has a more active euchromatin region.
 Because only males have the Y chromosome, the genes on this chromosome tend to be involved in
male sex determination and development.
 Genes in areas known as pseudoautosomal regions are present on both sex chromosomes. As a
result, men and women each have two functional copies of these genes. Many genes in the
pseudoautosomal regions are essential for normal development.
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